Culture® 4.0
The Contextual Guide and Internet Index
to Western Civilization
-- Cultural 4.0 Almanac Sample --
March
(about links at this
site)
Annual Index
January -- February -- March
-- April -- May -- June
July -- August -- September -- October -- November
-- December
March
1 -- 2 -- 3
-- 4 -- 5 -- 6 -- 7 -- 8 -- 9 -- 10
11 -- 12 -- 13 -- 14 -- 15 -- 16 -- 17 -- 18 -- 19 -- 20
21 -- 22 -- 23 -- 24 -- 25 -- 26 -- 27 -- 28 -- 29 -- 30 -- 31
WWW -- March
1 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC, MJM)
codes & more
St. David's Day 6th Cen.
- patron saint of Wales
- wearing of leeks or daffodils
- eat leek soup, Welsh dishes
- Leek Day in Wales
-
- Two women were arrested in Salem Massachussetts in 1692 and charged
with the crime of witchcraft
-
- BIRTHS
- Frederic Chopin 1810
- Augustus Welby Pugin 1812
- William Dean Howells 1837
- Augustus Saint-Gaudens 1848
- Lytton Strachey 1880
- Oskar Kokoschka 1886
- Glenn Miller 1904 -- American "Big Band"
leader
2 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC, MJM)
codes & more
St. Chad of Lichfield's Day 672
-
- Time magazine first published in 1923
-
- BIRTHS
- Robert II of Scotland 1316 -- the first Stuart king
- Sam Houston 1793 -- American soldier and first president
of the Republic of Texas
- Bedrich Smetana 1824
- Kurt Weill 1900
- Theodore Geisel (Dr. Seuss) 1904
- Mikhail Gorbachev 1931
3 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC, MJM)
codes & more
St. Aelred of Yorkshire's Day 1197
-
- Premiere of Bizet's Carmen in Paris in 1875
- Premiere of Sibelius' Symphony No. 2 in Helsinki in 1902
- The Star-Spangled Banner was designated the
national anthem by act of Congress in 1931
- WWW -- The Star Spangled Banner
- BIRTHS
- Georg Cantor 1845
- Alexander Graham Bell 1847
- Sir Henry Wood 1869 -- British conductor and creator of the Promenade
Concerts in London
4 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Adrian and Companions of the Isle of May's Day c.875
-
- Edward IV seized possession of the crown in 1461 from Henry
VI
- Franklin Delano Roosevelt's inauguration in 1933
- "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself."
-
- BIRTHS
- Antonio Vivaldi 1678
- Sir Henry Raeburn 1756
5 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Piran of Cornwall's Day 6th Cen.
-
- British troops fired on a crowd in the Boston Massacre in 1770
- Winston Churchill gave his "Iron Curtain" speech at
Westminster College, Fulton, MO in 1946
-
- BIRTHS
- Henry II 1133
- David II of Scotland 1324 -- son of Robert I "the Bruce"
- Gerardus Mercator 1512
- Giovanni Battista Tiepolo 1696
- James Ives 1824
- Frank Norris 1870
- Rosa Luxemburg 1871
- Heitor Villa-Lobos 1887
- Karl Rahner 1904
- Rex Harrison 1908 -- English actor
6 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
- Sts. Perpetua and Felicity's Day 203
- WWW -- Perpetua and Felicity
- St. Balred of Aldham's Day 765
- The Alamo, a Texas fort, fell to Mexican General Santa Anna in 1836
-- Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie were among the dead.
- Premiere of Verdi's La Traviata in Venice in 1853
- US Supreme Court handed down its infamous Dred Scott decision
in 1857
- Premiere of Varese's Ionisation in N.Y. in 1933
-
- BIRTHS
- Michelangelo Buonarroti
1475
- Elizabeth Barrett Browning
1806
- Ring Lardner 1885
- Gabriel Garcia Marquez
1928
7 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Eosterwine of Wearmouth's Day 686
-
- Henry VIII's divorce request refused by Pope Clement VII
(Medici) in 1530
- Telephone patent issued to Alexander Graham Bell in 1876
- Dr. John Kellogg served the world's first corn flakes to his mental
patients in Battle Creek, Michigan, in 1897
- Adolf Hitler's troops marched into the Rhineland in 1936, thereby
breaking the Treaty of Versailles
- U.S. forces crossed the Rhine at Remagen bridge during WWII
in 1943
-
- BIRTHS
- Joseph Niepce 1765
- Alessandro Manzoni 1785
- Sir Edwin Landseer 1802
- Luther Burbank 1849 -- American botanist
- Piet Mondrian 1872
- Maurice Ravel 1875
8 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Felix of Dunwich's Day 648
- St. John of God's Day 1550
-
- Accession of Queen Anne on death of William III in 1702
- First person to be tarred and feathered in Billericay, England in 1775
- First concert by the Royal Philharmonic in 1813
- Patent for canning corn granted to Isaac Winslow in 1853
- Volcanic eruption on Martinique in 1902
-
- BIRTHS
- Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach 1714
- Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. 1841 -- American jurist (son of Oliver
Wendell Holmes)
- WWW -- Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.
- Ruggiero Leoncavallo 1858
9 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Bosa of York's Day 705
-
- Frederick I Barbarossa crowned in 1152
- Napoleon married Josephine in
1796
- The U.S. Supreme Court issues a ruling freeing
the 35 survivors of the Amistad mutiny in 1841
- Premiere of Britten's Spring Symphony in London
in 1950
-
- BIRTHS
- Amerigo Vespucci 1454
- Vita Sackville-West 1892
- Edward Durrell Stone 1902
- David Smith 1906
- Samuel Barber 1910
- Yuri Gagarin 1934
- Bobby Fischer 1943 -- American chess champion
10 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Kessog of Loch Lomond's Day c.560
-
- Charles I dissolved Parliament in 1629 for 11 years
- Lord Byron's Childe Harold's Pilgrimage published in
1812
- The future Edward VII married Alexandra of Denmark in 1863
- Alexander Graham Bell's first telephone transmission, "Mr.
Watson, come here, I want you." in 1876
-
- BIRTHS
- Friedrich von Schlegel 1772
- Joseph von Eichendorff 1788
- Pedro Antonio de Alarcon 1833
- Pablo de Sarasate 1844
- Henry Fowler 1858
- Arthur Honegger 1892
- James Herriot 1916
- HRH the Prince Edward 1964
11 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
King St. Constantine of Cornwall and Scotland's Day 6th Century
- the heathen of Scotland cut off his right hand and let him bleed to
death.
-
- Romeo married Juliet in 1302
- Napoleon married Marie
Louise, daughter of Emperor Francis II of Austria, in 1810
- Luddites smashed 63 stocking frames in 1811
- Premiere of Verdi's Rigoletto in Venice in 1851
- Blizzard of '88 -- lasted 3 days (1888)
- WWW -- Blizzard of '88
- BIRTHS
- Torquata Tasso 1544
- Henry Cowell 1897
12 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Gregory I the Great's Day 604
- St. Alphege of Winchester's Day 951
-
- Second Temple completed in 516 B.C. (see Ezra 6:15)
- New Jersey established as a British Colony by James II (then
Duke of York) in 1664
- Andrew Carnegie offers
New York City $5.2 million to build 65 branch libraries in 1902
- Girl Scouts founded in Savannah, Georgia in 1912
- The "Anschluss" took place as German troops entered
Austria in 1938
- Premiere of Britten's Symphony for Cello and Orchestra in Moscow
in 1964
- The Church of England ordained its first woman priests in 1994
-
- BIRTHS
- Andre Le Notre 1613
- George Berkeley 1685
- Thomas Arne 1710
- Gabriele D'Annunzio 1863
- Elaine de Kooning 1920
- Jack Kerouac 1922
13 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Gerald of Lindisfarne's Day 732
-
- Gutenberg Bible printed in 1462
- Uranus was discovered by Sir William Herschel in 1781
- (named after the Greek god Uranus)
- WWW -- Uranus
- "Uncle Sam" made his debut as a cartoon character in the
New York Lantern in 1852
- Pluto was discovered by Clyde
Tombaugh in 1930
(named after the Roman god Pluto)
- WWW --
- BIRTHS
- Joseph Priestly 1733
- Hugo Wolf 1860
- William Glackens 1870
14 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
Empress St. Matilda's Day 968 -- the first German Holy Roman Empress
- wife of HRE Henry the Fowler
- WWW -- Empress St. Matilda
- Eli Whitney granted a patent on his cotton gin in 1794
- Premiere of Sir Arthur Sullivan's The Mikado in London
in 1885
-
- BIRTHS
- Georg Telemann 1681
- Johann Strauss Sr. 1804
- Vittorio Emanuele II 1820
- Mrs. Isabella Beeton 1836 -- English cookery expert
- Paul Ehrlich 1854
- Albert Einstein 1879
- Maurice Merleau-Ponty 1908
15 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Longinus the Centurian's Day 1st cen.
-
- Julius Caesar assassinated in 44
B.C. on the Ides of March
- Attila the Hun died of a nose bleed in 459 after profaning holy
things at a wedding
- Maine becomes the 23rd American state in 1802
- England's "Long Parliament" ended in 1660
- Premiere of Ravel's Rapsodie Espagnole in Paris in 1908
- Czar Nicholas II abdicated in
1917
-
- BIRTHS
- Andrew Jackson 1767
- Jimmy Swaggert 1935 -- American televangelist
16 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Finnian Lobhar's Day c.560
-
- U.S. Congress approves legislation establishing the Military Academy
at West Point in 1802
- WWW -- West Point Military Academy
- Premiere of Tchaikovsky's Romeo and Juliet in Moscow
in 1870
- Premiere of Massenet's Thais in Paris in 1894
-
- BIRTHS
- James Madison 1751
- Baron Antoine-Jean Gros 1771
- Georg Simon Ohm 1787
- Ernest Feydeau 1821
17 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Patrick's day c.461 -- Patron Saint of Ireland
- Joseph of Arimathea's Day 1st century
-
- Vittorio Emanuele II declared King of Italy in 1861
- Franklin Delano Roosevelt married Anna Eleanor Roosevelt in
1905
- they were given in marriage by her uncle Theodore, then president
of the U.S.
-
- BIRTHS
- Bobby Jones 1902 -- American golfer
- Nat King Cole 1919 -- American singer and pianist
- Rudolf Nureyev 1938 -- Russian ballet dancer
18 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
King St. Edward the Martyr's Day 978 (he was
assassinated to make way for Ethelred the Unready)
- (St. Joseph's Eve)
- BIRTHS
- John C. Calhoun 1782
- American political leader and symbol of the Old South
- ART: John
C. Calhoun -- Ridpath image.
- WWW -- John C. Calhoun
- Grover Cleveland 1837
- Stephane Mallarme 1842
- Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov 1844
- Neville Chamberlain 1869
- Edgar Cayce 1877 -- American psychic
- Wilfred Owen 1893
19 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
ST. JOSEPH'S DAY
-
- On St. Joseph's Day the swallows traditionally return to the San Juan
Capistrano Mission in California
-
- BIRTHS
- Georges de La Tour 1593
- Albert Ryder 1847
- William Jennings Bryan 1860
- Max Reger 1873
- Josef Albers 1888
- Earl Warren 1891 -- American chief justice
- Jean Frederic Joliot-Curie 1900
- Judge John Sirica 1904 -- Watergate judge
- David Livingstone 1913
- Ornette Coleman 1930
20 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Cuthbert of Lindisfarne's Day 687
- Accession of Henry V on the death (after taking a fit at his
prayers at Westminster Abbey) of Henry IV in 1413
- Burlington Arcade (London) opened in 1819
- Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin published in
1852
-
- BIRTHS
- Ovid 43 B.C.
- Jean-Antoine Houdon 1741
- Henrik Ibsen 1828
- Lauritz Melchior 1890 -- Wagnerian Heldentenor
- Beniamino Gigli 1890 -- Italian tenor
- Sviatoslav Richter 1914 -- Russian pianist
21 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Benedict's Day 547
-
- English journalist Henry Morton Stanley began his famous expedition
to Africa to locate the missing Scottish missionary David Livingstone
in 1871
-
- BIRTHS
- Johann Sebastian Bach 1685
- Claude Nicholas Ledoux 1736
- Jean Paul Richter 1763
- Modest Mussorgsky 1839
- Florenz Ziegfeld, Jr. 1869 -- Ziegfeld Follies
- Hans Hofmann 1880
-
- DEATHS
- Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury burned at Oxford for
heresy in 1556 on orders of "Bloody" Mary I
- Mrs. John Rolfe (Pocahontas) in London 1617
22 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Nicholas Owen of Oxford's Day 1606
-
- Britain enacted the Stamp Act to raise money from its American
Colonies in 1765
- Premiere of Schubert's Symphony No. 9 in C ("Great")
in Leipzig in 1839, Mendelssohn conducting
-
- BIRTHS
- Anthony Van Dyck 1599
- Kaiser Wilhelm I 1797
- Sir Andrew Lloyd Webber 1948
-
- DEATHS
- Jacques de Molay, last Grand Master of the Order of the Knights
Templar was burned at the stake in 1314 on orders of Philip IV the
Fair of France and Pope Clement V, covetous of the order's wealth
and power
- Jean-Baptiste Lully 1687
- Karl Wallenda falls from the high wire to his death in San Juan, PR,
in 1978 (the Flying Wallendas were no longer all flying)
23 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Ethelwald of Lindisfarne's Day 699
-
- Handel's Messiah first performed in London in
presence of King George II who started a precedent by rising to
his feet during the "Hallelujah Chorus" in 1743
- Patrick Henry gave his famous "Give me liberty or give
me death" speech in 1775
-
- BIRTHS
- Pierre-Simon de Laplace 1749
- Edward Caird 1835
- Fannie Farmer 1857 -- American cookery expert
- Sir Muirhead Bone 1876
- Juan Gris (Jose Gonzales) 1887
- Joan Crawford 1908 -- American actress whose daughter didn't think
she was very nice
- Akira Kurosawa 1910 -- Japanese film director
- Wernher von Braun 1912
24 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Gabriel the Archangel's Day
- St. William of Norwich's Day 1144
- (Eve of the Annunciation)
-
- Accession of James I on death of Elizabeth
I in 1603
- Exxon Valdez oil tanker runs aground in the Gulf of Alaska in 1989
WWW -- Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
- BIRTHS
- Georgius Agricola (Georg Bauer) 1494
- William Morris 1834
- Andrew Mellon 1855 -- American banker and philanthropist
- Harry Houdini 1874
25 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
FEAST OF THE ANNUNCIATION -- LADY DAY -- New Year's Day for Medieval
-- fires were allowed at Eton in the 19th century from Michaelmas [29 Sept.]
to Lady Day)
- St. Dismas the Good Thief's Day 1st cen.
- St. Robert of Bury St. Edmunds' Day 1181
-
- Accession of Robert I "the Bruce" to the Scottish
throne in 1306
- First colonists arrive in Maryland in 1674 to the land King Charles
I of England had chartered to Cecil Calvert, the second Lord Baltimore
(now celebrated as Maryland Day)
- Premiere of Bach's Cantata No. 1 in 1725 and Magnificat
in D in 1730, both in Leipzig
- The NYC Triangle Shirtwaist Fire in 1911 -- 146 people died
- WWW -- Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
- BIRTHS
- Albrecht Ritschl 1822
- Antonio Fogazzaro 1842
- (John) Gutzon Borglum 1867
- Arturo Toscanini 1867 -- famed Italian-American conductor (Toscanini
and Leopold Stokowski were the two most famous conductors before
WWII)
- Bela Bartok 1881
- Elton John 1947
26 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Alfwold of Sherborne's Day 1058
-
- BIRTHS
- Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford 1753
- A.E. Housman 1859
- Robert Frost 1874
- Conde Nast 1874 -- publisher
- Tennessee Williams 1911 -- American playwright
- Pierre Boulez 1925
27 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. John of Damascus Day 749
-
- Robert I "the Bruce" crowned at Scone in 1306
- Accession of Charles I on death of James I in 1625
- Robert Falcon Scott (Scott of the Antarctic) perished with his
men on this day in 1912 in a blizzard on the way back from their trip to
the South Pole
- Premiere of Vaughan Williams' London Symphony in London
in 1914
-
- BIRTHS
- Alfred de Vigny 1797
- Nathaniel Currier 1813
- Karl Wilhelm von Nageli 1817
- Wilhelm Roentgen 1845
- Edward Steichen 1879
- Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 1886
- Mstislav Rostropovich 1927 -- Russian-American conductor and cellist
28 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Guntramnus Day 592
-
- Nathaniel Briggs received a patent for the washing machine in 1797
- Constantinople became Istanbul in 1930 (see Medieval Essay "Byzantium")
- Francisco Franco began his dictatorial rule of Spain in 1939,
ending the Spanish Civil War
- "Three Mile Island" nuclear accident
in Pennsylvania in 1979
- WWW -- Three Mile Island Accident
- BIRTHS
- Aristide Briand 1862 -- French premier (11 times)
and Nobel Peace Prize winner (1926)
- Maksim Gorky 1868
- Rudolf Serkin 1903 -- American pianist
29 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
John Keble's Day 1866
-
- Edward IV secured the throne at Battle of Towton in the Wars
of the Roses in 1461
- Royal Albert Hall opened by Queen Victoria in 1871
- Premiere of Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin in Moscow in
1879
- The first batch of Coca-Cola was brewed by John Pemberton in
Atlanta, Georgia in 1886; cocaine was an ingredient until 1904 when Congress
banned it
-
- BIRTHS
- John Tyler 1790
- Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens 1869
- Dezso Kosztolanyi 1885
- Sir William Walton 1902
- E. Power Biggs 1906 -- American organist
30 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
St. Osburga of Coventry's Day c.1016
-
- Sicilian Vespers (massacre of the French) in
Palermo in 1282
- Thomas Cranmer consecrated as Archbishop of Canterbury in 1533
- Hyman Lipman of Philadelphia received a patent for a pencil equipped
with a rubber eraser in 1858
- America bought Alaska from Russia in 1867 at the
insistence of Secretary of State William Seward -- the USA paid $7.2 million
for "Seward's Folly"
- ART: Seward
- WWW -- Purchase of Alaska
- Assassination attempt on President Ronald W. Reagan
in 1981
-
- BIRTHS
- Maimonides (Moses ben Maimon) 1135
- Francisco de Goya 1746
- Vincent van Gogh 1853
- Paul Verlaine 1844
- Sean O'Casey 1880
- Erwin Panofsky 1892
31 March
- (WWW Almanacs: ADH,
DM, LOC) codes & more
John Donne's Day 1631
-
- Eiffel Tower opened in 1889
- In 1917 the U.S. took formal possession of the Danish West Indies,
later renamed the Virgin Islands.
- Premiere of Oklahoma in 1943
-
- BIRTHS
- Rene Descartes 1596
- Andrew Marvell 1621
- Franz Joseph Haydn 1732
- Edward FitzGerald 1809
- Nikolay Gogol 1809
- Robert Wilhelm Bunsen 1811
- Sergei Diaghilev 1872
WWW Daily Almanacs
(Codes)
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